Acoustic impedance measurements of aerospace resonators and high fidelity simulation of non-linear interaction of multiple tones

Serrano, P. G. Portal Acústica, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, contato@portalacustica.info

Murray, P. Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, England, rja@soton.ac.uk

Astley R. J. Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, England, pm2@soton.ac.uk

Abstract

Aircraft noise is a problem near airports all around the world. As a result, aircraft certification requirements are becoming more stringent over time. The engine fan is one of the most prominent noise sources that produces high amplitude blade passing frequency tones, their harmonics, and engine order buzz tones. Acoustic panels, consisting of resistive layers backed by honeycomb cells and a reflective hard wall, are used to line the engine nacelle in order to attenuate both broadband and annoying tonal noise. The acoustic impedance of single layer perforate liners (SDOF), that are aerospace resonators, show greater sensitivity to high sound pressure levels and grazing flow in comparison with wire mesh liners. Two harmonically related tones with varying combinations of amplitude and frequency were used as excitation signals in experimental and numerical models. 2D DNS model, based on FEM, was developed and validated using the MATLAB & COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2a livelink. The COMSOL code reproduces high SPL experimental conditions. These studies have aided the development of an improved semi-empirical ID impedance model for pure tone excitation, and a resistance correction for multiple tone excitation. The new semi-empirical model for high level multiple tone excitation on liner surface is proposed and discussed, showing reasonable understanding about energy transference between tone components, and showing promising results in terms of acoustic resistance predictions of each frequency component.

Keywords:

aircracft noise

liners

acoustic impedance

nonlinearity

multiple tones.

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