Absorvedores acústicos perfeitos baseados em ressonadores de Helmholtz com dupla abertura embutida

Perfect acoustic absorbers based on Helmholtz resonators with built-in double aperture

Almeida, G. N. Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil, gildean_fsa@hotmail.com

Vergara, E. F. Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

Cassettari, I. Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

Barbosa, L. R. Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

Mikulski, R. Z. Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil

Carvalho de Souza, A. Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

Resumo

Este trabalho investiga o uso de ressonadores de Helmholtz (RHs) com dupla abertura quadrada embutida para absorção sonora perfeita (α = 1) em frequências menores que 600 Hz. O absorvedor em estudo é caracterizado analiticamente como um fluido equivalente. Dimensões ótimas são obtidas por meio da manipulação das dimensões das aberturas, assim sendo, é possível modificar o coeficiente de absorção sonora na frequência e amplitude. O absorvedor é modelado numericamente utilizando o método dos elementos finitos (MEF) e validado por meio de experimentos em um tubo de impedância. Neste sentido, amostras são fabricadas com auxilio da tecnologia de impressão 3D utilizando a técnica de extrusão de material e o ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) como matéria-prima. Absorção sonora perfeita na frequência de 589 Hz é obtida com uma espessura da amostra de 0,033λ. Visando à obtenção da absorção em banda larga, distintos absorvedores são acoplados para o intervalo de frequência de 400−600 Hz, para o qual o experimento realizado mostra boa concordância com resultados teóricos e numérico.

Palavras-chaves:

ressonador de Helmholtz

fluido equivalente

absorção sonora

baixa frequência

impressão 3D.

Abstract

This work investigates the use of Helmholtz resonators (RHs) with built-in double square aperture for perfect sound absorption (α = 1) at frequencies lower than 600 Hz. The absorber under study is analytically characterized as an equivalent fluid. Optimal dimensions are obtained by manipulating the dimensions of the openings, so it is possible to modify the sound absorption coefficient in the frequency and amplitude. The absorber is numerically modeled using the finite element method (FEM) and validated through experiments in an impedance tube. In this sense, samples are manufactured with the help of 3D printing technology using the material extrusion technique and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) as raw material. Perfect sound absorption at the frequency of 589 Hz is achieved with a sample thickness of 0.033λ. In order to obtain broadband absorption, different absorbers are coupled for the frequency range 400−600 Hz, for which the experiment performed show good agreement with theoretical and numerical results.

Keywords:

Helmholtz ressonator

equaivalent fluid

sound absorption

low frequency

3D printing.

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Publicado em:
01/09/2022